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Lancet Journal Impact Factor: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction:
Are you a researcher, aspiring academic, or simply curious about the world of high-impact medical journals? Then understanding the Lancet journal impact factor is crucial. This metric, a seemingly simple number, reflects the journal's influence and prestige within the scientific community. This comprehensive guide will delve deep into the Lancet's impact factor, explaining what it means, how it's calculated, its significance for publication success, and its limitations. We'll explore its historical trends, compare it to other leading medical journals, and discuss the broader implications of impact factor metrics in academic publishing. Get ready to unravel the mysteries surrounding this key indicator of scientific impact.
1. Understanding the Lancet Journal Impact Factor: What it Means and How it's Calculated
The Lancet, a highly respected peer-reviewed general medical journal, boasts a consistently high impact factor. But what does this actually mean? The impact factor is a quantitative measure reflecting the average number of citations received per article published in a particular journal during a specific period (typically the preceding two years). A higher impact factor generally indicates that the journal's articles are frequently cited by other researchers, suggesting greater influence and significance within its field.
The calculation itself is relatively straightforward:
Step 1: Count the total number of citable items (articles, reviews, etc.) published in the journal during the two preceding years.
Step 2: Count the total number of citations received by these items during the journal's citation year (the year after the two-year publication window).
Step 3: Divide the total number of citations by the total number of citable items.
This resulting number is the journal's impact factor for that year. It's important to note that the impact factor is calculated and published annually by Clarivate Analytics' Journal Citation Reports (JCR), a widely used database for evaluating journal performance.
2. The Lancet's Impact Factor: Historical Trends and Comparisons
The Lancet's impact factor has consistently ranked among the highest of general medical journals globally. While the exact number fluctuates annually due to various factors (publication volume, citation patterns, etc.), analyzing historical trends reveals remarkable consistency at the top. Comparing the Lancet's impact factor to similar journals like the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), The BMJ (formerly the British Medical Journal), and JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association) provides valuable context. These journals often compete for top-tier research, resulting in a continuous "race" for higher impact factors. However, it's crucial to remember that direct comparisons should always consider the journal's specific scope and focus.
3. Significance of the Lancet's Impact Factor for Publication Success
For researchers, getting published in a high-impact journal like the Lancet is a significant accomplishment. A Lancet publication can significantly boost a researcher's career trajectory, enhance their reputation, and increase their chances of securing research funding. The journal's impact factor plays a crucial role in the evaluation of researchers' achievements by universities, funding agencies, and promotion committees. A publication in a high-impact journal is often perceived as evidence of high-quality research and significant contribution to the field.
4. Limitations of Using Impact Factor as a Sole Metric
While the impact factor provides a valuable benchmark, relying solely on it to assess research quality or journal prestige can be misleading. Several limitations exist:
Publication bias: Journals with higher impact factors may be more likely to publish positive or "sexy" results, potentially skewing the overall representation of scientific findings.
Field-specific variations: The impact factor's meaning differs across disciplines. A high impact factor in one field might not be as significant in another.
Citation practices: Citation patterns can be influenced by factors beyond research quality, such as journal reputation, author prestige, and even research funding.
Time lag: The impact factor reflects past performance and doesn't predict future impact.
Gaming the system: Some researchers and institutions might engage in practices to artificially inflate citation counts.
5. The Broader Implications of Impact Factor Metrics in Academic Publishing
The impact factor's influence extends beyond individual researchers and journals. It shapes the academic publishing landscape, driving competition and potentially influencing research priorities. The pressure to publish in high-impact journals can incentivize researchers to focus on "impactful" topics rather than those with significant but less immediately attention-grabbing results. This can lead to a skewed representation of research across different areas and potentially hinder exploration of less-popular but equally important topics.
Book Outline: "Decoding the Lancet: A Deep Dive into Impact and Influence"
Introduction: Defining the Lancet, its history, and the importance of its impact factor in the medical publishing world.
Chapter 1: The mechanics of impact factor calculation and its evolution.
Chapter 2: A detailed analysis of the Lancet's historical impact factor trends, charting its rise and fluctuations over time. Comparative analysis with other leading medical journals.
Chapter 3: The significance of Lancet publication for researchers' careers, funding applications, and academic prestige.
Chapter 4: A critical examination of the limitations of using impact factor as a sole metric for evaluating research quality and journal merit.
Chapter 5: The broader impact of impact factors on the academic publishing landscape, research priorities, and the scientific community.
Conclusion: A summary of key findings and a discussion on future perspectives concerning impact factors and alternative metrics for evaluating academic success.
(Detailed explanation of each chapter would follow here, expanding on the points outlined above. Each chapter would be approximately 200-300 words, providing in-depth analysis and supporting data. Due to the word limit, this detailed expansion is omitted.)
FAQs:
1. What is the current impact factor of the Lancet? The impact factor varies annually; consult the latest Journal Citation Reports for the most up-to-date figure.
2. How is the Lancet's impact factor compared to other leading medical journals? It typically ranks among the highest, competing with NEJM, JAMA, and The BMJ.
3. Is a high impact factor always indicative of high-quality research? No, it's a valuable indicator but not a guarantee of quality. Several limitations exist.
4. How can researchers increase their chances of publishing in the Lancet? Submit well-designed, original research addressing significant clinical problems.
5. Does the Lancet's impact factor influence funding decisions? Yes, it often plays a significant role in grant applications and research funding decisions.
6. What are some alternative metrics for evaluating journal quality besides impact factor? Altmetrics, citation diversity, and other bibliometric indicators are gaining traction.
7. Is there a bias towards certain types of research in high-impact journals? Yes, publication bias can favor positive or "sexy" findings.
8. How can researchers navigate the pressures associated with impact factor-driven publishing? Prioritize high-quality research and consider broader impact beyond just citations.
9. What role does peer review play in determining the quality of publications in the Lancet? Peer review is a critical gatekeeping mechanism ensuring the quality and validity of published research.
Related Articles:
1. "The Evolution of Journal Impact Factors: A Historical Perspective": Traces the history and development of impact factor metrics and their influence on academic publishing.
2. "Beyond Impact Factor: Exploring Alternative Metrics for Research Evaluation": Discusses limitations of impact factors and explores alternative measures of research impact.
3. "Publication Bias in High-Impact Medical Journals: A Systematic Review": Examines the prevalence and consequences of publication bias in top medical journals.
4. "The Lancet's Contribution to Global Health Policy": Explores the Lancet's role in shaping global health initiatives and policies.
5. "Impact Factor and Career Advancement in Academic Medicine: A Correlation Study": Investigates the relationship between publications in high-impact journals and career progression.
6. "The Role of Peer Review in Maintaining the Integrity of Scientific Publications": Discusses the importance of rigorous peer review processes in ensuring research quality.
7. "Open Access Publishing and its Impact on Journal Impact Factors": Analyzes the influence of open access models on citation patterns and journal ranking.
8. "The Future of Academic Publishing: Trends and Challenges": Explores the evolving landscape of scholarly communication and its implications for researchers.
9. "Understanding Citation Analysis: A Guide for Researchers": Provides a comprehensive overview of citation analysis techniques and their application in research evaluation.
| lancet journal impact factor: The COVID-19 Catastrophe Richard Horton, 2020-07-13 The global response to the COVID-19 pandemic is the greatest science policy failure in a generation. We knew this was coming. Warnings about the threat of a new pandemic have been made repeatedly since the 1980s and it was clear in January that a dangerous new virus was causing a devastating human tragedy in China. And yet the world ignored the warnings. Why? In this short and hard-hitting book, Richard Horton, editor of the medical journal The Lancet, scrutinizes the actions that governments around the world took – and failed to take – as the virus spread from its origins in Wuhan to the global pandemic that it is today. He shows that many Western governments and their scientific advisors made assumptions about the virus and its lethality that turned out to be mistaken. Valuable time was lost while the virus spread unchecked, leaving health systems unprepared for the avalanche of infections that followed. Drawing on his own scientific and medical expertise, Horton outlines the measures that need to be put in place, at both national and international levels, to prevent this kind of catastrophe from happening again. Were supposed to be living in an era where human beings have become the dominant influence on the environment, but COVID-19 has revealed the fragility of our societies and the speed with which our systems can come crashing down. We need to learn the lessons of this pandemic and we need to learn them fast because the next pandemic may arrive sooner than we think. |
| lancet journal impact factor: EU Research Fighting the Three Major Deadly Diseases European Commission. Directorate General for Research, 2010 Shows the projects currently financed by the European Commission's Seventh Research Framework Programme (FP7) since 2007 up to 2010, aiming at combating these three major killer diseases: HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis. |
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| lancet journal impact factor: Immunology and Ageing N. Fabris, 1982-03-31 |
| lancet journal impact factor: Communities in Action National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States, 2017-04-27 In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on Public Health Approaches to Reduce Vision Impairment and Promote Eye Health, 2017-01-15 The ability to see deeply affects how human beings perceive and interpret the world around them. For most people, eyesight is part of everyday communication, social activities, educational and professional pursuits, the care of others, and the maintenance of personal health, independence, and mobility. Functioning eyes and vision system can reduce an adult's risk of chronic health conditions, death, falls and injuries, social isolation, depression, and other psychological problems. In children, properly maintained eye and vision health contributes to a child's social development, academic achievement, and better health across the lifespan. The public generally recognizes its reliance on sight and fears its loss, but emphasis on eye and vision health, in general, has not been integrated into daily life to the same extent as other health promotion activities, such as teeth brushing; hand washing; physical and mental exercise; and various injury prevention behaviors. A larger population health approach is needed to engage a wide range of stakeholders in coordinated efforts that can sustain the scope of behavior change. The shaping of socioeconomic environments can eventually lead to new social norms that promote eye and vision health. Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative: Vision for Tomorrow proposes a new population-centered framework to guide action and coordination among various, and sometimes competing, stakeholders in pursuit of improved eye and vision health and health equity in the United States. Building on the momentum of previous public health efforts, this report also introduces a model for action that highlights different levels of prevention activities across a range of stakeholders and provides specific examples of how population health strategies can be translated into cohesive areas for action at federal, state, and local levels. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease Leonard F. M. Scinto, Kirk R. Daffner, 2000-02-09 The three major approaches to diagnosis of AD -- radiological, biological, and neurophysiological -- are discussed in detail with chapters highlighting the most promising technologies within these approaches. The leading authors, all of whom are intimately involved with these emerging technologies, have developed this as an essential reference for neuropathologists, clinicians and researchers of Alzheimer's disease. |
| lancet journal impact factor: The Handbook of Global Health Policy Garrett W. Brown, Gavin Yamey, Sarah Wamala, 2014-04-08 The Handbook of Global Health Policy provides a definitive source of the key areas in the field. It examines the ethical and practical dimensions of new and current policy models and their effect on the future development of global health and policy. Maps out key debates and policy structures involved in all areas of global health policy Isolates and examines new policy initiatives in global health policy Provides an examination of these initiatives that captures both the ethical/critical as well as practical/empirical dimensions involved with global health policy, global health policy formation and its implications Confronts the theoretical and practical questions of ‘who gets what and why’ and ‘how, when and where?’ Captures the views of a wide array of scholars and practitioners, including from low- and middle-income countries, to ensure an inclusive view of current policy debates |
| lancet journal impact factor: Taking Action Against Clinician Burnout National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, National Academy of Medicine, Committee on Systems Approaches to Improve Patient Care by Supporting Clinician Well-Being, 2020-01-02 Patient-centered, high-quality health care relies on the well-being, health, and safety of health care clinicians. However, alarmingly high rates of clinician burnout in the United States are detrimental to the quality of care being provided, harmful to individuals in the workforce, and costly. It is important to take a systemic approach to address burnout that focuses on the structure, organization, and culture of health care. Taking Action Against Clinician Burnout: A Systems Approach to Professional Well-Being builds upon two groundbreaking reports from the past twenty years, To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System and Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century, which both called attention to the issues around patient safety and quality of care. This report explores the extent, consequences, and contributing factors of clinician burnout and provides a framework for a systems approach to clinician burnout and professional well-being, a research agenda to advance clinician well-being, and recommendations for the field. |
| lancet journal impact factor: The Great Betrayal Horace Freeland Judson, 2004 The author exposes numerous cases of scientific fraud and explains the reasons behind them, discussing peer review and revealing the failures of the current academic, government, and legal institutions charged with monitoring the scientific community. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Neuroscience in the 21st Century Donald W. Pfaff, Nora D. Volkow, 2016-10-27 Edited and authored by a wealth of international experts in neuroscience and related disciplines, this key new resource aims to offer medical students and graduate researchers around the world a comprehensive introduction and overview of modern neuroscience. Neuroscience research is certain to prove a vital element in combating mental illness in its various incarnations, a strategic battleground in the future of medicine, as the prevalence of mental disorders is becoming better understood each year. Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are affected by mental, behavioral, neurological and substance use disorders. The World Health Organization estimated in 2002 that 154 million people globally suffer from depression and 25 million people from schizophrenia; 91 million people are affected by alcohol use disorders and 15 million by drug use disorders. A more recent WHO report shows that 50 million people suffer from epilepsy and 24 million from Alzheimer’s and other dementias. Because neuroscience takes the etiology of disease—the complex interplay between biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors—as its object of inquiry, it is increasingly valuable in understanding an array of medical conditions. A recent report by the United States’ Surgeon General cites several such diseases: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, early-onset depression, autism, attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, anorexia nervosa, and panic disorder, among many others. Not only is this volume a boon to those wishing to understand the future of neuroscience, it also aims to encourage the initiation of neuroscience programs in developing countries, featuring as it does an appendix full of advice on how to develop such programs. With broad coverage of both basic science and clinical issues, comprising around 150 chapters from a diversity of international authors and including complementary video components, Neuroscience in the 21st Century in its second edition serves as a comprehensive resource to students and researchers alike. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Chronic Rhinosinusitis Wytske J. Fokkens, 2009 This issue will focus on treatments for Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Dr. Wyste Fokkens guest edits topics such as: Inflammatory mechanisms in chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis, European versus Asian Chronic rhinosinusitis. What did it teach us and what do we want to know, Epithelium, cilia and mucus, their importance in chronic rhinosinusitis Noam Cohen Noam, Aspirin intolerance: does desensitization alter the course of the disease, Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolides: applications in CRS, and more! |
| lancet journal impact factor: Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD John Preston Wilson, Terence Martin Keane, 2004-07-12 This comprehensive, authoritative volume meets a key need for anyone providing treatment services or conducting research in the area of trauma and PTSD, including psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, clinical social workers, and students in these fields. It is an invaluable text for courses in stress and trauma, abuse and victimization, or abnormal psychology, as well as clinical psychology practica. |
| lancet journal impact factor: The Global Burden of Disease Christopher J. L. Murray, Alan D. Lopez, 1996 The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) provides systematic epidemiological estimates for an unprecedented 150 major health conditions. The GBD provides indispensable global and regional data for health planning, research, and education. |
| lancet journal impact factor: The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century, 2003-02-01 The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Current Protocols in Bioinformatics Andreas D. Baxevanis, 2003 Current Protocols in Bioinformatics is the only publication that responds to the need for both a current and updateable source of bioinformatics methodology. This unique publication assures that you have access to a full range of bioinformatics protocols written by globally-recognized experts in the field, and that these proto-cols are updated and revised as new developments and innovations occur. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Medical Journals and Medical Knowledge William F. Bynum, Stephen Lock, Roy Porter, 2019-01-15 Originally published in 1992 Medical Journals and Medical Knowledge examines both broad developments in print and media and the practice of particular journals such as the British Medical Journal. The book is the first study to address these questions and to examine the impact of regular news on the making of the medical community. The book considers the rise of the medical press, and looks at how it recorded and described principal developments and so promoted medical science and enhanced medical consciousness. This book was a seminal work when first published and was one of the first to consider the importance of the roots of medical journalism, editorial practices and the ways in which the medical journalism altered the world of medicine. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis Vishwanath Venketaraman, 2020 TB is considered as one of the oldest documented infectious diseases in the world and is believed to be the leading cause of mortality due to a single infectious agent. Mtb, the causative agent responsible for TB, continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Furthermore, one-third of the entire world's population has latent TB. Consequently, there has been a worldwide effort to eradicate and limit the spread of Mtb through the use of antibiotics. However, management of TB is becoming more challenging with the emergence of drug-resistant and multi-drug resistant strains of Mtb. Furthermore, when administered, many of the anti-TB drugs commonly present severe complications and side effects. Novel approaches to enhance the host immune responses to completely eradicate Mtb infection are urgently needed. This Special Issue will therefore cover most recent advances in the area of host-directed therapies for TB. |
| lancet journal impact factor: EU Lobbying: Empirical and Theoretical Studies David Coen, 2013-10-31 EU Lobbying: Empirical and Theoretical studies offers an analysis of large empirical studies of interest group politics and Lobbying in Europe. Recognising the continued European economic integration, globalisation and the changing role of the state, it observs significant adaptations in interest mobilisation and strategic behavour. This book assesses the logic of collective and direct action, the logic of access and influence, the logic of venue-shopping and alliance building. It addresses specific issues such as: the emergence of elite pluralism in EU institutions, the pump priming of political action by EU institutions, and the growing political sophistication of private and public interests in Brussels. Through these issues the book explores how interest groups lobby different European institutions along the policy process and how the nature of policy dictates the style and level of lobbying. This book was previously published as a special issue of Jounal of European Public Policy |
| lancet journal impact factor: Hot Topics in Infection and Immunity in Children Andrew J. Pollard, George H. McCracken Jr., Adam Finn, 2012-12-06 Hot Topics in Infection and Immunity in Children brings together leading experts in the field to provide a current and authoritative view concerning the hottest topics of concern to clinicians caring for children with infections and research scientists working in the areas of infectious disease, immunology, microbiology and public health. The book is based on a collection of manuscripts from a faculty of authors of international standing who contributed to a course in Paediatric Infection and Immunity in Oxford, UK in June 2003. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators Wolfgang Glänzel, Henk F. Moed, Ulrich Schmoch, Mike Thelwall, 2019-10-30 This handbook presents the state of the art of quantitative methods and models to understand and assess the science and technology system. Focusing on various aspects of the development and application of indicators derived from data on scholarly publications, patents and electronic communications, the individual chapters, written by leading experts, discuss theoretical and methodological issues, illustrate applications, highlight their policy context and relevance, and point to future research directions. A substantial portion of the book is dedicated to detailed descriptions and analyses of data sources, presenting both traditional and advanced approaches. It addresses the main bibliographic metrics and indexes, such as the journal impact factor and the h-index, as well as altmetric and webometric indicators and science mapping techniques on different levels of aggregation and in the context of their value for the assessment of research performance as well as their impact on research policy and society. It also presents and critically discusses various national research evaluation systems. Complementing the sections reflecting on the science system, the technology section includes multiple chapters that explain different aspects of patent statistics, patent classification and database search methods to retrieve patent-related information. In addition, it examines the relevance of trademarks and standards as additional technological indicators. The Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators is an invaluable resource for practitioners, scientists and policy makers wanting a systematic and thorough analysis of the potential and limitations of the various approaches to assess research and research performance. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders Sherry H. Stewart, Patricia Conrod, 2007-12-03 Disorders of anxiety and substance use are, for some reason, rarely treated in an integrated fashion by professionals. This timely volume addresses this glaring omission with dispatches from the frontlines of research and treatment. Thirty-four international experts offer findings, theories, and intervention strategies for this common form of dual disorder, across a range of substances and of anxiety disorders, to give the reader comprehensive knowledge in a practical format. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Provincial Medical & Surgical Journal , 1844 |
| lancet journal impact factor: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Simon S. Lo, Bin S. Teh, Jiade J. Lu, Tracey E. Schefter, 2012-08-28 Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as an important innovative treatment for various primary and metastatic cancers. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the physical/technological, biological, and clinical aspects of SBRT. It will serve as a detailed resource for this rapidly developing treatment modality. The organ sites covered include lung, liver, spine, pancreas, prostate, adrenal, head and neck, and female reproductive tract. Retrospective studies and prospective clinical trials on SBRT for various organ sites from around the world are examined, and toxicities and normal tissue constraints are discussed. This book features unique insights from world-renowned experts in SBRT from North America, Asia, and Europe. It will be necessary reading for radiation oncologists, radiation oncology residents and fellows, medical physicists, medical physics residents, medical oncologists, surgical oncologists, and cancer scientists. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Updates on Myopia Tien Y Wong, Marcus Ang, 2020-10-08 This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This open access book discusses basic clinical concepts of myopia, prevention of progression and surgical treatments for myopia and pathological myopia. It also summarises the latest evidence and best practices for managing myopia, high myopia and its complications. Written by leading experts, the book addresses clinical diagnosis and interpretation of imaging modalities, and various complications of myopia such as glaucoma, choroidal neovascularization, retinal degeneration and cataracts. It is a valuable comprehensive resource for general and sub-specialist ophthalmologists as well as residents and ophthalmologists in training.; This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors. |
| lancet journal impact factor: The Access Principle John Willinsky, 2006 Questions about access to scholarship have always raged. The great libraries of the past stood as arguments for increasing access. John Willinsky describes the latest chapter in this ongoing story - online open access publishing by scholarly journals and makes a case for open access as a public good. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Pain Management and Regulatory Strategies to Address Prescription Opioid Abuse, 2017-09-28 Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research, 2006-10-13 Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are three examples of very common disorders for which we have little biological information. This new book cuts across a variety of medical disciplines such as neurology, pulmonology, pediatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, psychology, otolaryngology, and nursing, as well as other medical practices with an interest in the management of sleep pathology. This area of research is not limited to very young and old patientsâ€sleep disorders reach across all ages and ethnicities. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation presents a structured analysis that explores the following: Improving awareness among the general public and health care professionals. Increasing investment in interdisciplinary somnology and sleep medicine research training and mentoring activities. Validating and developing new and existing technologies for diagnosis and treatment. This book will be of interest to those looking to learn more about the enormous public health burden of sleep disorders and sleep deprivation and the strikingly limited capacity of the health care enterprise to identify and treat the majority of individuals suffering from sleep problems. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Journal of Physical Activity and Health Steven N. Blair, James R. Morrow, Jr., 2005-01 In the past, research involving the relationship between physical activity and health has appeared in many diverse journals, with no one publication being devoted to that relationship. The Journal of Physical Activity and Health (JPAH) answers the need for a single publication with a focus solely on physical activity and health. JPAH publishes original research and review papers examining how physical activity influences all aspects of health, studying physical activity as an exposure as well as an outcome. It also invites papers that examine the behavioral, community, and environmental interventions that may affect physical activity on an individual and population basis. Recent issues of JPAH have addressed topics such as measurement of physical activity, surveillance of physical activity, meeting guidelines for physical activity in working populations, and physical activity intervention in older adults with chronic diseases. Research has been published from many international authors. Articles on physical activity patterns and the environment are planned for later this year. Also available is the online format of JPAH that offers the same authoritative content contained in the print edition, but with the additional advantages of electronically formatted material including the potential to search journals in seconds, access to five years of back issues, and the ability to examine the online version weeks before the print version arrives. Online subscribers are also sent each issue's table of contents by e-mail to announce that a new issue has been published. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Civic Agriculture Thomas A. Lyson, 2012-05-22 A engaging analysis of food production in the United States emphasizing that sustainable agricultural development is important to community health. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Care Services, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Health Research and the Privacy of Health Information: The HIPAA Privacy Rule, 2009-03-24 In the realm of health care, privacy protections are needed to preserve patients' dignity and prevent possible harms. Ten years ago, to address these concerns as well as set guidelines for ethical health research, Congress called for a set of federal standards now known as the HIPAA Privacy Rule. In its 2009 report, Beyond the HIPAA Privacy Rule: Enhancing Privacy, Improving Health Through Research, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Health Research and the Privacy of Health Information concludes that the HIPAA Privacy Rule does not protect privacy as well as it should, and that it impedes important health research. |
| lancet journal impact factor: The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda, 2017-03-31 Significant changes have taken place in the policy landscape surrounding cannabis legalization, production, and use. During the past 20 years, 25 states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis and/or cannabidiol (a component of cannabis) for medical conditions or retail sales at the state level and 4 states have legalized both the medical and recreational use of cannabis. These landmark changes in policy have impacted cannabis use patterns and perceived levels of risk. However, despite this changing landscape, evidence regarding the short- and long-term health effects of cannabis use remains elusive. While a myriad of studies have examined cannabis use in all its various forms, often these research conclusions are not appropriately synthesized, translated for, or communicated to policy makers, health care providers, state health officials, or other stakeholders who have been charged with influencing and enacting policies, procedures, and laws related to cannabis use. Unlike other controlled substances such as alcohol or tobacco, no accepted standards for safe use or appropriate dose are available to help guide individuals as they make choices regarding the issues of if, when, where, and how to use cannabis safely and, in regard to therapeutic uses, effectively. Shifting public sentiment, conflicting and impeded scientific research, and legislative battles have fueled the debate about what, if any, harms or benefits can be attributed to the use of cannabis or its derivatives, and this lack of aggregated knowledge has broad public health implications. The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids provides a comprehensive review of scientific evidence related to the health effects and potential therapeutic benefits of cannabis. This report provides a research agendaâ€outlining gaps in current knowledge and opportunities for providing additional insight into these issuesâ€that summarizes and prioritizes pressing research needs. |
| lancet journal impact factor: The Journal of Infectious Diseases , 1920 |
| lancet journal impact factor: Cancer and Society Eric H. Bernicker, 2019-03-04 While a number of books have looked at the intersection between human health in general and other topics, such as climate change or diet, this book focuses specifically on cancer as it impacts and is impacted by social justice issues. The massive explosion of research knowledge of cancer immunology and genomics is holding out great promise of therapeutic advances, yet other human actions—climate change, pollution, business decisions, advertising – are fostering health inequalities as well as increasing risks. Those involved in cancer care and research are in a unique position to let their experiences and knowledge inform the public, yet very often have not taken strong public roles when it comes to discussing issues surrounding tobacco, climate change and health risks, financial toxicity of treatments, and diet choices. Written by a multidisciplinary team of authors and for medical oncologists, cancer researchers, occupational health workers, and related medical students, residents, and fellows, this book encourages oncologists to address public health care and the societal issues associated with cancer risk. This volume discusses the overarching theme of environmental justice and oncology, focuses on business and cancer (such as clinical trials, drug development and profits, and global disparities), as well as animals and cancer. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Citation Analysis in Research Evaluation Henk F. Moed, 2006-03-30 This book is written for members of the scholarly research community, and for persons involved in research evaluation and research policy. More specifically, it is directed towards the following four main groups of readers: – All scientists and scholars who have been or will be subjected to a quantitative assessment of research performance using citation analysis. – Research policy makers and managers who wish to become conversant with the basic features of citation analysis, and about its potentialities and limitations. – Members of peer review committees and other evaluators, who consider the use of citation analysis as a tool in their assessments. – Practitioners and students in the field of quantitative science and technology studies, informetrics, and library and information science. Citation analysis involves the construction and application of a series of indicators of the ‘impact’, ‘influence’ or ‘quality’ of scholarly work, derived from citation data, i.e. data on references cited in footnotes or bibliographies of scholarly research publications. Such indicators are applied both in the study of scholarly communication and in the assessment of research performance. The term ‘scholarly’ comprises all domains of science and scholarship, including not only those fields that are normally denoted as science – the natural and life sciences, mathematical and technical sciences – but also social sciences and humanities. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 5) Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Shuchi Anand, Thomas A. Gaziano, Jean-Claude Mbanya, Rachel Nugent, 2017-11-17 Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related conditions cause more than 40 percent of all deaths globally, and their substantial burden is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their burden extends well beyond health effects to include significant economic and societal consequences. Most of these conditions are related, share risk factors, and have common control measures at the clinical, population, and policy levels. Lives can be extended and improved when these diseases are prevented, detected, and managed. This volume summarizes current knowledge and presents evidence-based interventions that are effective, cost-effective, and scalable in LMICs. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Therapeutic Uses of Cannabis British Medical Association, 1997-11-18 At the last Annual Representative Meeting of the British Medical Association a motion was passed that `certain additional cannabinoids should be legalized for wider medicinal use.'' This report supports this landmark statement by reviewing the scientific evidence for the therapeutic use of cannabinoids and sets the agenda for change. It will be welcomed by those who believe that cannabinoids can be used in medical treatment. The report discusses in a clear and readable form the use and adverse effects of the drug for nausea, multiple sclerosis, pain, epilepsy, glaucoma, and asthma. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Ending Medical Reversal Vinayak K. Prasad, Adam S. Cifu, 2019-05-14 Why medicine adopts ineffective or harmful medical practices only to abandon them—sometimes too late. Medications such as Vioxx and procedures such as vertebroplasty for back pain are among the medical advances that turned out to be dangerous or useless. What Dr. Vinayak K. Prasad and Dr. Adam S. Cifu call medical reversal happens when doctors start using a medication, procedure, or diagnostic tool without a robust evidence base—and then stop using it when it is found not to help, or even to harm, patients. In Ending Medical Reversal, Drs. Prasad and Cifu narrate fascinating stories from every corner of medicine to explore why medical reversals occur, how they are harmful, and what can be done to avoid them. They explore the difference between medical innovations that improve care and those that only appear to be promising. They also outline a comprehensive plan to reform medical education, research funding and protocols, and the process for approving new drugs that will ensure that more of what gets done in doctors' offices and hospitals is truly effective. |
| lancet journal impact factor: The Prion Protein Jorg Tatzelt, 2010 A conformational transition of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into an aberrantly folded isoform designated scrapie prion protein (PrPSc) is the hallmark of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders collectively called prion diseases. They include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and Gerstmann-Stäussler-Scheinker syndrome in humans, scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and chronic wasting disease (CWD) in free-ranging deer. In contrast to the deadly properties of misfolded PrP, PrPC seems to possess a neuroprotective activity. More-over, animal models indicated that the stress-protective activity of PrPC and the neurotoxic effects of PrPSc are somehow interconnected. In this timely book, leading scientists in the field have come together to highlight the apparently incongruous activities of different PrP conformers. The articles outline current research on celluar pathways implicated in the formation and signaling of neurotoxic and physiological PrP isoforms and delineate future research direction. Topics covered include the physiologcial activity of PrPC and its possible role as a neurotrophic factor, the finding that aberrant PrP conformers can cause neurodegeneration in the absence of infectious prion propagation, the requirement of the GPI anchor of PrPC for the neurotoxic effects of scrapie prions, the pathways implicated in the formation and neurotoxic properties of cytosolically localized PrP, the impact of metal ions on the processing of PrP, and the role of autophagy in the propagation and clearance of PrPSc. The book is fully illustrated and chapters include comprehensive reference sections. Essential reading for scientists involved in prion research. |
| lancet journal impact factor: Hormone Replacement: Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk R.D. Mann, 1992-07-15 This book covers a topic of considerable current interest and presents many of the most significant research findings available to date. Workers at the forefront of research on hormone replacement therapy and the implications for the risk of breast cancer were invited to attend a special Conference at the Royal Society of Medicine in London in September, 1991, where the latest data were presented to a distinguished audience and the implications of this research were discussed. The volume reviews various aspects of HRT and breast cancer, the physiology of the menopause, the current use of HRT in practice, osteoporosis and epidemiology and presents results from a range of European, American and Australian studies on the role of breast cancer and HRT, finishing with an overview of benefits, use and cost-effectiveness and a general summary. The book represents a definitive statement of current knowledge in this field and an informative update on the implications of recent research. It will be a valuable addition of special significance to the libraries of all those concerned with hormone replacement therapy and the study of breast cancer. |
